Anticancer activity of methanolic leaf extracts of Andrographis paniculata (Nees) and Cardiospermum halicacabum (Linn) against human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7)

Abstract

Crude methanolic extracts of Andrographis paniculata and Cardiospermum halicacabum leaves were examined for their anticancer activity. To determine anticancer activity, different concentrations of crude extracts were tested on MCF-7, a human breast adenocarcinoma cell-line by 3-(4, 5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. A. paniculata extracts showed a significant antiproliferative activity than C. halicacabum and a dose dependent effect was observed. Minimum inhibition of 9.47% was shown by extract at concentration 31.25µg/ml and maximum inhibition of 99% was observed at 500µg/ml for A. paniculata and Minimum inhibition of 3.18% was shown by extract at concentration 62.5µg/ml and maximum inhibition 79.60% were observed at 500µg/ml for C. halicacabum.  These results indicate the possible potential use of A. paniculata as Antineoplastic agent. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Flavonoids, Steroids, Terpenoids, Alkaloids, Glycosides and Tannins in the extracts of Andrographis paniculata and Cardiospermum halicacabum. The presence of these chemical constituents may be the reason for the anticancer activity.