Design and Development of a Colloidal Drug Delivery System for IV Formulation of Clopidogrel

Abstract

The development of intravenous (IV) formulations for low water-solubility drugs is among the high-priority challenges in pharmaceutical research. Low aqueous solubility defines Clopidogrel, an extensively used antiplatelet medication, limiting its use to acute cardiovascular conditions where the imperative need is instantaneous drug activity. This research is focused on the design and development of a colloidal drug delivery system for the IV formulation of Clopidogrel to enhance its solubility, bioavailability, and therapeutic action. Various formulation strategies such as liposomes, nano-emulsions, and polymeric nanoparticles were researched to enhance drug loading, stability, and sustained release. The engineered formulation was investigated extensively with particle size, zeta potential, drug release, and encapsulation efficiency for assessing stability and performance.

Furthermore, preclinical model pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis showed improved drug absorption, extended circulation time, and augmented antiplatelet activity compared to oral Clopidogrel formulations in general. The developed nano-based IV exhibited great potential towards the solution of bioavailability issues of Clopidogrel.