Development and Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Gastroretentive Floating Microspheres Containing Hydroalcoholic Extract of Passiflora foetida Leaves

Abstract

This study focuses on the development and evaluation of mucoadhesive gastroretentive floating microspheres encapsulating the hydroalcoholic extract of Passiflora foetida leaves, aiming to enhance its therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability for the treatment of gastric ailments. Passiflora foetida, a medicinal plant known for its antiulcer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties, was extracted using a hydroalcoholic solvent system to preserve its bioactive constituents. The floating microspheres were prepared using the solvent evaporation technique with mucoadhesive polymers such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), sodium alginate, and chitosan to ensure prolonged gastric retention and controlled drug release. Characterization of the microspheres revealed spherical morphology with optimal particle size suitable for gastric retention.

The formulation demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency and excellent buoyancy in simulated gastric fluid, remaining afloat for over 12 hours. In vitro release studies showed a sustained release profile, indicating controlled drug delivery potential. Further in vivo and clinical investigations are recommended to validate these findings and facilitate potential pharmaceutical applications.